List of Indian engineering colleges before Independence
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The impulse for creation of centres of technical training came from the British rulers of India, and it arose out of the necessity for the training of overseers for construction and maintenance of public buildings, roads, canals, and ports, and for the training of artisans and craftsmen for the use of instruments, and apparatus needed for the army, the navy, and the survey department. While superintending engineers were mostly recruited from Britain, lower grade craftsmen, artisans and sub-overseers were recruited locally. The necessity to make them more efficient, led to the establishment of industrial schools attached to the Ordnance Factories Board and other engineering establishments.
The first engineering college was established in present day Uttar Pradesh at Roorkee in the year 1847 for the training of Civil Engineers. Thomason College of Civil Engineering as it was called, made use of the large workshops and public buildings there that were erected for the Upper Ganges Canal. The college was converted to the University of Roorkee in 1948 and upgraded to the Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee in 2001.
In pursuance of the Government policy, three Engineering Colleges were opened by about 1856 in the three Presidencies.
In Bengal, a College called the Calcutta Civil Engineering College was opened at the Writers’ Buildings in November 1856. With the establishment of University of Calcutta on 24 January 1857, the college was affiliated to this university in May 1857. In 1865, the college merged with Presidency College, Kolkata and from 1865 to 1869 the college functioned as the Civil Engineering Department of Presidency College. In 1880, the college was shifted to its present campus at Shibpur, Howrah, and was christened the Government College, Howrah, in the premises of Bishop’s College. On 12 February 1920 the name was changed to Bengal Engineering College, Shibpur. The word Shibpur was deleted on 24 March 1921 and it became Bengal Engineering College. The college was subsequently rechristened Bengal Engineering and Science University and upgraded to the Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur in 2014.
In Bombay, the overseers’ school at Pune eventually became the College of Engineering, Pune and affiliated to the erstwhile University of Bombay (now called University of Mumbai) in 1858.
In the Madras Presidency, the industrial school attached to the Gun Carriage Factory became ultimately the College of Engineering, Guindy and was affiliated to the University of Madras in 1858.
The Banaras Engineering College was established at Varanasi in the year 1919. The college was rechristened as the Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University in 1968. The college was upgraded to the Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi in 2012.
The British also opened Harcourt Butler Technological Institute, Kanpur for chemical sciences in 1921 in the United Provinces, now Uttar Pradesh. it is now called the Harcourt Butler Technical University.
Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad was established by British Indian Government on the lines of the Royal School of Mines, London, and was formally opened on 9 December 1926 by Lord Irwin, the then Viceroy of India. The college was subsequently called the Indian School of Mines University for a while before the word University was dropped from its name. The college was upgraded to the Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad in 2016.[1]
In 1947 when India became independent, there were 36 institutions for first-degree engineering education, with an annual intake of about 2500 students.[2]
Engineering college | Location | Established | Remarks | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Thomason College of Civil EngineeringB | Roorkee, Uttarakhand | 1847[3] | Later known as University of Roorkee and now known as the Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee | |
Bengal Engineering College | Shibpur, West Bengal | 1856[3] | Now known as the Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur | |
College of Engineering, Pune | Pune | 1856[citation needed] | Bharat Ratna Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya (1861–1962) is Alumni of COEP. Engineers Day in India is Celebrated on his Birthday | |
College of Engineering, Guindy | Madras | 1858[A] | Started as survey school in May 1749.[3] Upgraded to an engineering college in 1858. | |
Indian Institute of Science(Tata Institute) | Bangalore | 1911[citation needed] | ||
College of Engineering and Technology, Jadavpur | Jadavpur, Calcutta | 1912[4] | ||
College of Engineering, Bangalore | Bangalore | 1917[5] | Now called the University Visvesvaraya College Of Engineering | |
Banaras Engineering CollegeB | Varanasi | 1919[citation needed] | Now called the Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi | |
Harcourt Butler Technological Institute(HBTI) | Kanpur | 1920[citation needed] | “Government Research Institute, Cawnpore” was established in 1920, which was renamed as “Government Technological Institute” in 1921. | |
Indian School Of Mines, JharkhandB | Dhanbad | 1926[citation needed] | Now known as Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad | |
College of Engineering, Bihar | Patna | 1936[A] | Established as a survey training school in 1886. In 2004 the government of India upgraded the college to National Institute of Technology, Patna | |
College of Engineering, Trivandrum | Trivandrum | 1939[6] | ||
College of Engineering, Aligarh | Aligarh | 1939[3] | ||
Victoria Jubilee Technical Institute | Bombay | 1946[A] | Established as a diploma school in 1887. V. J. T. Institute started with only two departments, namely the Sir J. J. School of Mechanical Engineering and the Ripon Textile School for the two branches of industry | |
College of Engineering (Annamalai) | – | 1945[3] | ||
College of Engineering, Calcutta | Calcutta | 1946[3] | ||
B M S College of Engineering | Bangalore | 1946 | India’s first private engineering college[citation needed] | |
Birla College of Engineering | Pilani | 1946[3][7] | ||
Arthur Hope College of Technology, Coimbatore | Coimbatore | 1945[citation needed] | ||
Government Engineering College, Jabalpur | Jabalpur | 1947[citation needed] | ||
PEC University of Technology | Chandigarh | 1921[citation needed] | ||
Delhi Polytechnic | Delhi | 1941[citation needed] | Renamed as Delhi College of Engineering in 1962 under the University of Delhi. Later, it was granted university status in the year 2009 and renamed as Delhi Technological University. | |
The National institute of engineering , NIE mysore | Mysore | 1946[citation needed] | Now Autonomous under VTU Karnataka |
Notes
- ^B Have been upgraded to Indian Institutes of Technology.
- A Raised to degree standard (college/university).
thanks wikipedia